Storm Station
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In a volunteer observer's own ground

CWOP network, identified by the register

Identifier
FW4584
Latitude
45.00000 N
Longitude
94.02000 W
Elevation
1,020 ft
Rank
1,742of 1,965 in Minnesota, Oct 16

Ranking Statistics

On the radar over Citizen station FW4584ReflectivityStorm topsRain rateRain, last 24 hoursForecast temperatureForecast rain totalEvery picture

In a volunteer observer's own ground

Drawn as the kind of place it stands at. 4,430 instruments in Minnesota stand at one.

Station charts

Citizen station FW4584 Report

Rank 1,742 of 1,965 in Minnesota, Oct 16. The 247 rank orders a state's stations by their 247 score out of 100: how reliably they report, how accurate their readings are against a reference station, how their readings pass their checks, and how they stand against the forecast.

Ranking Statistics

247 score78.7of 100

Minnesota median
93.3the median score of 1,965 stations
Scoring higher
1,735stations in Minnesota
Sharing its score
7ranks 1,736 to 1,742
Points deducted
21.317.1 reports received, 2.6 continuity, 1.7 forecast check
Counted at the median
Forecast checknot measured at this station; Minnesota median 83.2
Next above
EW9154rank 1,741; ahead on reports received 53.3% against 51.0%
Next below
MN-SL-385rank 1,743; behind on 247 score 78.7 against 78.6

Equal scores are ordered by the share of scheduled reports received, then the reports due in the week (the longer record first), then the median arrival, then the longest silence.

  1. Reports receivedweight 3551.117.9 of 35 pointsMinnesota median 96.4143 of 280 scheduled reports received in 7 days
  2. Arrivalweight 10100.010.0 of 10 pointsMinnesota median 96.8half its reports arrived within 16 s
  3. Continuityweight 1074.57.5 of 10 pointsMinnesota median 100.0longest silence 4.1 h, on a schedule of one report every 36 min
  4. Accuracyweight 20100.020.0 of 20 pointsMinnesota median 100.0its temperature against the airport station KCFE, 13.9 miles away, over 198 readings: typical difference 2.0 °F beyond a steady offset of +1.6 °F
  5. Instrument checksweight 15100.015.0 of 15 pointsMinnesota median 100.00 of 198 readings failed their check against its reference station
  6. Forecast checkweight 10-8.3 of 10 points, at the medianMinnesota median 83.2-

The score is the weighted mean of its six parts, from the last 7 days. How a station is ranked sets out each part.

How each part is scored
Reports received
Full marks for every scheduled report received, none for none, in proportion between
Arrival
Full marks for a median arrival within 10 min, none at 60 min
Continuity
Full marks for a longest silence of 3 reports or less (1.8 h), none for 72 (43.2 h)
Accuracy
Full marks within 2.9 °F of its reference, typically, none beyond 9.4 °F
Instrument checks
Full marks for no reading failed, none for 5 per cent or more
Forecast check
Full marks within 2 °F of the forecast on average, none at 8 °F
Rank
1,742of 1,965 in Minnesota, Oct 16
Time to reach Storm Station
15 s9 in 10 within 30 s
Against its reference, 30 days
+2.0 °Fwarmer than the airport station KCFE, 14 miles away, on average over 319 readings; typical difference 3.1 °F

The reports received are counted from the network's own archive of this station's reports. Its 247 rank is counted from Storm Station's own record, which holds less than 7 days of it so far: 143 of 280 scheduled reports received, 51.0%.

Against its reference: each temperature this station reports is compared with the nearest airport or climate reference station that reported within half an hour, up to 15 miles away. The figure is its reading less the reference's, on average, as both were reported; the typical difference is the root mean square. The difference in height is shown where both heights are known.

Chart of the 1,965 ranked stations in Minnesota on Oct 16 by the share of their scheduled reports received in Storm Station's own record, up to 7 days, in tenths: 0 to 9 per cent, 1; 10 to 19 per cent, 6; 20 to 29 per cent, 17; 30 to 39 per cent, 6; 40 to 49 per cent, 122; 50 to 59 per cent, 192; 60 to 69 per cent, 31; 70 to 79 per cent, 329; 80 to 89 per cent, 254; 90 to 99 per cent, 319; 100 per cent, 688. Citizen station FW4584 received 51.0 per cent, 143 of 280 scheduled reports, rank 1,742 of 1,965.WHERE IT RANKS IN MINNESOTA, Oct 16THIS ONE: 51.0%, 143 OF 280, RANK 1,742 OF 1,965PER CENT OF SCHEDULED REPORTS RECEIVEDIN STORM STATION'S OWN RECORD, UP TO 7 DAYS1101000 to 9110 to 19620 to 291730 to 39640 to 4912250 to 5919260 to 693170 to 7932980 to 8925490 to 99319100688STATIONS, LOG SCALE
Chart of Citizen station FW4584's rank in Minnesota by how it reported, day by day, from 2026-10-05 to 2026-10-16: 2026-10-05 rank 1,613 of 2,076; 2026-10-06 rank 1,910 of 2,131; 2026-10-07 rank 1,794 of 2,115; 2026-10-08 rank 1,772 of 2,022; 2026-10-09 rank 1,704 of 1,977; 2026-10-10 rank 1,709 of 1,978; 2026-10-11 rank 1,696 of 1,963; 2026-10-12 rank 1,789 of 1,914; 2026-10-13 rank 1,776 of 1,906; 2026-10-14 rank 1,784 of 1,912; 2026-10-15 rank 1,766 of 1,936; 2026-10-16 rank 1,742 of 1,965.ITS RANK IN MINNESOTA, DAY BY DAYRANK, FIRST AT THE TOP15001,0001,5002,000Oct 5Oct 7Oct 9Oct 11Oct 13Oct 15Oct 16
The ranking these charts were drawn from, as tables
Share of scheduled reports receivedStations
100%688
90 to 99%319
80 to 89%254
70 to 79%329
60 to 69%31
50 to 59%192
40 to 49%122
30 to 39%6
20 to 29%17
10 to 19%6
0 to 9%1
DayRankStations rankedShare received
Oct 16, 20261,7421,96551.0%
Oct 15, 20261,7661,93650.0%
Oct 14, 20261,7841,91248.5%
Oct 13, 20261,7761,90647.5%
Oct 12, 20261,7891,91446.0%
Oct 11, 20261,6961,96352.2%
Oct 10, 20261,7091,97851.6%
Oct 9, 20261,7041,97751.3%
Oct 8, 20261,7722,02253.2%
Oct 7, 20261,7942,11558.6%
Oct 6, 20261,9102,13157.1%
Oct 5, 20261,6132,07663.6%

Station report

Citizen station FW4584, in 3 sheets

Drawn from the register, in the manner of the Field Book, and opened beside the plates that explain each part of it.

1The column

Contents

At 1,020 ft above sea level, 4 per cent of the atmosphere's air lies below the station. The standard atmosphere puts the pressure there at 28.83 inHg and the temperature at 55.4 F.

Section from sea level of where Citizen station FW4584 stands in the atmosphere, height to scale: the station 1,020 feet above sea level with 4 per cent of the air below it; the standard atmosphere's pressure there, 28.83 inches of mercury, and temperature, 55.4 degrees Fahrenheit.1122334455667788AABBCCDDEE© 2026 STORM STATION 247THE FIELD BOOKSTATION REPORT FW4584FIG. D WHERE CITIZEN STATION FW4584 STANDS IN THE ATMOSPHERESECTION FROM SEA LEVEL, HEIGHT TO SCALE, THE STATION IN THE STANDARD ATMOSPHEREFT ABOVE SEA LEVEL05,00010,00015,000SEA LEVEL, 29.92 inHg IN THE STANDARD ATMOSPHERECITIZEN STATION FW45844 PER CENT OF THE AIR BELOW IT1,020 FT10 PER CENT OF THE AIR BELOW, 2,890 FT20 PER CENT OF THE AIR BELOW, 6,050 FT30 PER CENT OF THE AIR BELOW, 9,540 FT40 PER CENT OF THE AIR BELOW, 13,470 FTSTANDARD PRESSURE HERE28.83 inHgSTANDARD TEMPERATURE HERE55.4 FTITLECitizen station FW4584, the columnSTATION REPORT · CWOP FW4584TYPESECTIONSCALEHEIGHT TO SCALEREVFROM THE REGISTER SHEET 1 of 3DATE2026-10-16IDSR-FW4584-1DRAWN AS linework on paperSOURCES FB-ENG-001, FB-ENG-003

From the Field Book

2The sun

Contents

On Oct 16 the noon sun stands 36 degrees above the horizon at 45.00 N, and the day is 10 h 46 min long. Level ground there takes 59 per cent of the noon sunlight a surface facing the sun would.

Elevation of the noon sun at Citizen station FW4584, angles true: on Oct 16 it stands 36 degrees above the horizon, against 68 at the June solstice, 45 at the equinoxes and 22 at the December solstice; the day is 10 h 46 min long.1122334455667788AABBCCDDEE© 2026 STORM STATION 247THE FIELD BOOKSTATION REPORT FW4584FIG. E THE SUN AT CITIZEN STATION FW4584ELEVATION LOOKING WEST, SOUTH TO THE LEFT: THE NOON SUN ON THE DAY OF THE REPORT, AND AT THE SOLSTICES AND EQUINOXES; ANGLES TRUETHE STATIONJUNE SOLSTICE 68°EQUINOXES 45°DECEMBER SOLSTICE 22°OCT 16, 36°SOUTHANGLES TRUE; THE RAYS ARE OF ONE LENGTH AND DRAW DIRECTION ONLYDAY LENGTH 10 H 46 MINLEVEL GROUND TAKES 59 PER CENT OF THE NOON SUN A FACING SURFACE WOULDLATITUDE 45.00 N; THE SUN'S DECLINATION -9.1°TITLECitizen station FW4584, the sunSTATION REPORT · CWOP FW4584TYPEELEVATIONSCALEANGLES TRUEREVFROM THE REGISTER SHEET 2 of 3DATE2026-10-16IDSR-FW4584-2DRAWN AS linework on paperSOURCES FB-ENG-007

From the Field Book

3The instrument

Contents

A weather instrument, 1,020 ft above sea level. Its sensors, as its network builds them.

Elevation of the instrument, Citizen station FW4584, each sensor drawn and labelled with what it read: no reading in the last day.1122334455667788AABBCCDDEE© 2026 STORM STATION 247THE FIELD BOOKSTATION REPORT FW4584FIG. F THE INSTRUMENTELEVATION OF THE INSTRUMENT, EACH SENSOR WITH WHAT IT READANTENNA, SENDING BY SATELLITE-AIR TEMPERATURE-PRECIPITATION GAUGE-SCHEMATIC; THE SPACING BETWEEN SENSORS IS NOT TO SCALETITLECitizen station FW4584, the instrumentSTATION REPORT · CWOP FW4584TYPEELEVATIONSCALESCHEMATICREVFROM THE REGISTER SHEET 3 of 3DATE2026-10-16IDSR-FW4584-3DRAWN AS linework on paperSOURCES FB-INS-001

From the Field Book

Near Citizen station FW4584

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