Live/Water/California/Brentwood - Marsh Creek
Brentwood - Marsh Creek
A water gauge in Contra Costa County, California. Its stage was 169.29 ft as of Oct 15, 9:15 PM PDT.
- Stage now
- 169.29 ftreported Oct 15, 9:15 PM PDT
- 24 hour change
- No changesince Oct 14, 9:15 PM
- Elevation
- 168 ftabove sea level
- County
- Contra Costa County
- Position
- 37.8900° N, 121.7261° W
- Record since
- 2012
Water level
Brentwood - Marsh Creek
Stage is the height of the water's surface above the gauge's own fixed zero, in feet, not the depth of the water. Every point drawn is a reading the gauge sent, at the time it sent it.
- Latest
- 169.29 ftOct 15, 9:15 PM
- Highest
- 169.30 ftOct 14, 11:55 PM
- Lowest
- 169.28 ftOct 14, 10:10 PM
- Range
- 0.02 fthighest less lowest
- Change
- Rose 0.01 ftsince Oct 14, 10:10 PM
- Readings
- 141
The readings these charts were drawn from, as a table
| Time | Stage ft |
|---|---|
| Oct 15, 9:15 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 9:10 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 9:05 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 9:00 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 8:50 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 8:45 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 8:35 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 8:15 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 8:10 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 8:05 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 8:00 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 7:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 7:40 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 7:35 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 7:15 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 7:10 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 7:05 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 7:00 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 6:50 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 6:45 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 6:35 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 6:10 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 6:00 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 5:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 5:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 5:15 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 5:10 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 5:00 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 4:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 4:35 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 4:15 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 4:00 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 3:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 3:50 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 3:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 3:40 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 3:35 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 3:15 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 3:10 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 3:00 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 2:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 2:50 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 2:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 2:40 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 2:35 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 2:15 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 2:10 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 2:05 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 2:00 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 1:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 1:50 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 1:45 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 1:35 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 1:15 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 1:10 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 1:05 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 1:00 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 12:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 12:35 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 12:15 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 12:00 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 11:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 11:35 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 11:15 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 11:10 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 11:00 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 10:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 10:45 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 10:40 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 10:10 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 10:05 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 10:00 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 9:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 9:45 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 9:15 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 9:10 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 9:00 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 8:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 8:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 8:35 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 8:15 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 8:10 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 8:05 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 8:00 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 7:40 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 7:15 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 7:10 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 7:05 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 7:00 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 6:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 6:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 6:40 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 6:35 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 6:15 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 6:10 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 6:05 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 6:00 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 5:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 5:15 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 5:05 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 5:00 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 4:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 4:40 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 4:15 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 4:00 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 3:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 3:35 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 3:15 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 3:10 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 3:00 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 2:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 2:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 2:35 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 2:15 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 2:10 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 2:00 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 1:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 1:50 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 1:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 1:40 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 1:15 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 1:05 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 1:00 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 12:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 12:45 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 12:40 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 15, 12:15 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 12:05 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 12:00 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 14, 11:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 14, 11:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 11:35 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 11:15 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 11:10 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 11:05 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 14, 11:00 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 10:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 10:40 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 10:35 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 14, 10:15 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 10:10 PM | 169.28 |
- Latest
- 169.29 ftOct 15, 9:15 PM
- Highest
- 169.30 ftOct 8, 10:15 PM
- Lowest
- 169.28 ftOct 8, 10:10 PM
- Range
- 0.02 fthighest less lowest
- Change
- Rose 0.01 ftsince Oct 8, 10:10 PM
- Readings
- 949
The readings these charts were drawn from, as a table
| Time | Stage ft |
|---|---|
| Oct 15, 9:15 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 8:50 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 7:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 6:50 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 5:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 4:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 3:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 2:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 1:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 12:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 11:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 10:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 9:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 8:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 7:40 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 6:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 5:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 4:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 3:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 2:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 15, 1:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 15, 12:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 11:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 14, 10:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 9:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 8:50 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 7:55 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 14, 6:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 5:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 4:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 3:45 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 14, 2:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 1:55 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 14, 12:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 14, 11:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 10:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 9:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 8:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 14, 7:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 14, 6:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 5:50 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 14, 4:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 3:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 2:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 1:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 14, 12:00 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 13, 11:55 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 13, 10:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 13, 9:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 13, 8:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 13, 7:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 13, 6:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 13, 5:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 13, 4:50 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 13, 3:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 13, 2:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 13, 1:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 13, 12:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 13, 11:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 13, 10:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 13, 9:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 13, 8:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 13, 7:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 13, 6:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 13, 5:55 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 13, 4:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 13, 3:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 13, 2:40 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 13, 1:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 13, 12:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 11:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 12, 10:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 9:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 8:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 7:00 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 6:50 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 5:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 4:50 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 12, 3:50 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 12, 2:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 12, 1:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 12:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 11:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 10:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 9:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 8:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 7:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 6:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 5:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 4:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 3:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 2:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 1:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 12, 12:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 11:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 10:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 11, 9:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 8:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 7:50 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 6:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 5:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 11, 4:50 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 3:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 11, 2:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 1:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 12:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 11, 11:55 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 11, 10:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 9:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 8:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 7:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 6:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 11, 5:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 11, 4:40 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 3:55 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 11, 2:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 11, 1:50 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 11, 12:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 11:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 10:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 9:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 8:55 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 10, 7:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 6:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 10, 5:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 4:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 3:55 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 10, 2:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 1:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 12:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 10, 11:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 10:45 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 10, 9:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 10, 8:55 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 10, 7:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 6:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 5:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 10, 4:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 3:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 10, 2:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 10, 1:55 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 10, 12:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 9, 11:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 9, 10:50 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 9, 9:55 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 9, 8:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 9, 7:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 9, 6:55 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 9, 5:55 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 9, 4:55 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 9, 3:55 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 9, 2:50 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 9, 1:55 PM | 169.30 |
| Oct 9, 12:55 PM | 169.28 |
| Oct 9, 11:50 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 9, 10:55 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 9, 9:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 9, 8:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 9, 7:55 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 9, 6:55 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 9, 5:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 9, 4:55 AM | 169.30 |
| Oct 9, 3:55 AM | 169.28 |
| Oct 9, 2:45 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 9, 1:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 9, 12:55 AM | 169.29 |
| Oct 8, 11:45 PM | 169.29 |
| Oct 8, 10:45 PM | 169.29 |
- Latest
- 169.29 ftOct 15, 9:15 PM
- Highest
- 169.30 ftSep 15, 10:10 PM
- Lowest
- 169.28 ftSep 15, 11:55 PM
- Range
- 0.02 fthighest less lowest
- Change
- Fell 0.01 ftsince Sep 15, 10:10 PM
- Readings
- 3,823
The readings these charts were drawn from, as a table
| Day | High ft | Low ft | Average ft | Last ft | Readings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 15 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 129 |
| Oct 14 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.30 | 128 |
| Oct 13 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.28 | 132 |
| Oct 12 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.30 | 126 |
| Oct 11 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 131 |
| Oct 10 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 141 |
| Oct 9 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 150 |
| Oct 8 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 137 |
| Oct 7 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 113 |
| Oct 6 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.30 | 88 |
| Oct 5 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.30 | 119 |
| Oct 4 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 124 |
| Oct 3 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.30 | 131 |
| Oct 2 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 141 |
| Oct 1 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 126 |
| Sep 30 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 128 |
| Sep 29 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.28 | 125 |
| Sep 28 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 130 |
| Sep 27 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 118 |
| Sep 26 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.30 | 137 |
| Sep 25 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 129 |
| Sep 24 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 140 |
| Sep 23 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 132 |
| Sep 22 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 127 |
| Sep 21 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.30 | 93 |
| Sep 20 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.28 | 134 |
| Sep 19 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 99 |
| Sep 18 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.29 | 131 |
| Sep 17 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.28 | 134 |
| Sep 16 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.30 | 139 |
| Sep 15 | 169.30 | 169.28 | 169.29 | 169.28 | 11 |
How it reports
- Schedule
- every 15 minon the hour's :00, :15, :30 and :45
- Reports received, 24 hours
- 89 of 9692.7% of its schedule
- Reports received, 7 days
- 638 of 67294.9% of its schedule
- Longest silence, 7 days
- 76 minfrom Oct 13, 11:59 PM
- Latest report
- Oct 15, 9:45 PMlocal time
- Time to reach Storm Station
- 25 min9 in 10 within 30 min
From Storm Station's own record of every report it heard from this station.
Its schedule is one report every 15 min, 96 in 24 hours. Two reports in the same 15 min count as one received.
Ranking Statistics
247 score89.9of 100
- California median
- 91.6the median score of 4,465 stations
- Scoring higher
- 2,487stations in California
- Sharing its score
- 2ranks 2,488 to 2,489
- Points deducted
- 10.13.0 arrival, 2.9 accuracy, 1.9 reports received, 1.7 continuity, 0.8 forecast check
- Counted at the median
- Accuracy, instrument checks, forecast checknot measured at this station; California median 85.6, 100.0, 92.4
- Next above
- CA-SS-13rank 2,487; ahead on 247 score 90.0 against 89.9
- Next below
- CF100rank 2,489; behind on reports received 94.6% against 82.9%
Equal scores are ordered by the share of scheduled reports received, then the reports due in the week (the longer record first), then the median arrival, then the longest silence.
- Reports receivedweight 3594.633.1 of 35 pointsCalifornia median 98.5636 of 672 scheduled reports received in 7 days
- Arrivalweight 1070.47.0 of 10 pointsCalifornia median 81.2half its reports arrived within 25 min
- Continuityweight 1083.58.4 of 10 pointsCalifornia median 100.0longest silence 76 min, on a schedule of one report every 15 min
- Accuracyweight 20-17.1 of 20 points, at the medianCalifornia median 85.6-
- Instrument checksweight 15-15.0 of 15 points, at the medianCalifornia median 100.0-
- Forecast checkweight 10-9.2 of 10 points, at the medianCalifornia median 92.4-
The score is the weighted mean of its six parts, from the last 7 days. How a station is ranked sets out each part.
How each part is scored
- Reports received
- Full marks for every scheduled report received, none for none, in proportion between
- Arrival
- Full marks for a median arrival within 10 min, none at 60 min
- Continuity
- Full marks for a longest silence of 3 reports or less (45 min), none for 72 (18 h)
- Accuracy
- Full marks within 1.5 °F of its reference, typically, none beyond 8.0 °F
- Instrument checks
- Full marks for no reading failed, none for 5 per cent or more
- Forecast check
- Full marks within 2 °F of the forecast on average, none at 8 °F
Near Brentwood - Marsh Creek
Gauges
- Brentwood 1W - Marsh Creek3.0 mi, 0.00 ft
- Brentwood 2N - Marsh Creek5.4 mi, 0.66 ft
- Ca DWR Streamflow Gage at Discovery Bay at Discovery Island Bay6.7 mi, 6.74 ft
- Alert Streamflow Gage at Marsh Creek A Marsh Creek Fire7.4 mi, 0.03 ft
- Ca DWR Streamflow Gage at Italian Slough Headwater near Byron7.6 mi, 6.33 ft
Weather instruments
How to read a gauge
A gauge measures the height of the water where it stands, its stage, in feet above a fixed mark at that gauge. Two gauges' stages are not comparable: each is measured from its own mark, and a reservoir's is often its height above sea level.
The stage shown is the latest the gauge reported, with the time it reported it. Storm Station hears each gauge on its own schedule and ranks it among its state's stations by its 247 score, how reliably it reports and how its readings hold up: that is its 247 rank.